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Amur Leopard

ENDANGERED

CRITICALLY

84

left in the wild

Height : 64 - 78 cm

Weight : 31 - 47 kg

Habitat : Amur - Heilong

The Amur leopards is probably the worlds rarest cat. They are nocturnal animals that live and hunt alone. The Amur leopard have adapted to the cool climate by having thick fur which grows up to 7.5cm long in winter. For camouflage in the snow, their coat is paler than other leopard subspecies. The Amur leopard’s rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. They are strong predators with nimble footing who are known to hide their unfinished kills from other predators. When they breed together it has been reported that some of the males stay with the female to help rear the young. The female starts breeding at the age of 3 or 4 and will have a litter of 1 to 4 cubs. They are born blind and vulnerable so the mother will keep them hidden for the first 6 to 8 weeks. They are weaned at the age of 3 months and cubs typically leave their mothers around the age of 1 and a half to 2. When the cubs do leave they tend to stay in contact with their siblings for the early years of their independence.  If the Amur leopard gets cold in the mountains they use their tail to wrap around them to warm themselves up. They are also great tree climbers often camouflaging themselves in the trees and only being able to be seen when twitching their tails. They are fast too, being able to reach speeds of 37mph. Not many people see the Amur leopard with there being so few but thanks to conservation work their numbers are starting to rise but they still face threats that could cause their extinction.

THREATS

Poaching

Leopards are poached for their skins and possibly bones as well. Hunters poach leopards to eliminate competition for deer and wild boar, and locals sometimes kill leopards in retaliation if leopards prey on domestic animals. Poaching of leopard prey is potentially a more significant threat than poaching of leopards themselves. Today there is a huge fine and jail time for killing a Amur leopard but that doesn't stop everyone. 

Human Impact

Human activity is causing the main threats for Amur leopards with the poaching of their fur and prey and being the cause for their habitat loss. Fortunately with conservation work from charities and the introduction of tough laws to stop poaching, the Amur leopard are benefiting and we are starting to see a rise in the numbers of the species.

Loss of Habitat​​

As human population expands and grows so does the space that humans need. This leads to more agriculture, settlements and roads being built which in turn takes away the space from the Amur leopard.  Between 1970 and 1983, 80 percent of the Amur leopard's habitat was lost due to logging, forest fires, and agricultural land conversion projects (this loss of habitat also affected the leopard's prey species, which have become increasingly scarce as well).

Bush Fires

The Amur leopards natural habitat is threatened by bushfires. Fires are probably the greatest threat to leopard habitat. Fires rarely occur naturally in this part of Russia, which has high rainfall totals and lush forest vegetation. However, annual human-caused fires are turning forests into grasslands and savannahs, which are not suitable for leopards. 

Did You Know?

Amur leopards have spots like fingerprints. They can be identified individually from them.

Scientific Name : Panthera Pardus Orientalis

Life Span : 10 - 15 years

Diet : Carnivorous (Sika, Roe Deer etc.)

Predators : Humans 

Gestation : 92 - 95 days

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