SEA TURTLE
ENDANGERED
85,000
left in the wild
Height : 152cm
Weight : 68 - 181 kg
Habitat : Oceans
Sea Turtles are large, air breathing reptiles that inhabit tropical and sub tropical seas who have been around for over 100 million years. They are generally solitary creatures who rarely interact with each other unless for mating or courtship even when large numbers come together for feeding. They generally like to stay submerged at sea for much of the time being able to hold their breath for 5 hours which makes them very difficult to study. They are 7 different species of sea turtles and they are all very important in our oceans as they keep seagrasses short and help keep the balance of species with hawksbill turtles feeding on jellyfish. Sea turtles nest on beaches to lay their eggs but do not stay with the eggs but instead return to the sea. This means that sea turtle hatchlings are on their own to make it to the sea against predators which results in only 1% of them making it to adulthood. Interestingly the temperature determines the sex of a sea turtle with hotter temperatures creating more females and cooler temperatures more males. Unlike other turtles, sea turtles cannot retreat their bodies into their shells and over the past 200 years humans have been tipping the scales against the survival of this ancient species due to increasing threats.
Climate Change
Climate change is causing threats to all species on earth including humans. It is affecting sea turtles drastically as it impacts the sands temperature of the nesting sites which affects the sex of the hatchlings or can result in complete nest failure. The temperatures are rising and it is resulting in too many females and not enough males.
THREATS
Human Impact
Loss of Habitat
Sea turtle meat and eggs have been a source of income and food for many people around the world. Unfortunately they are also being killed for their shells which are turned into jewellery and ornaments. They also face additional threats from humans like by catching during fishing, climate change and plastic pollution.
As human population expands and grows so does the space that humans need. This leads to more agriculture, settlements and beach developments which decreases the amount of places sea turtles can nest. Lights from roads and cars on beaches disturb sea turtles whilst nesting which disturbs females and makes it impossible for them to dig nests.
Pollution
Sea turtles are affected by plastic pollution during every stage of their lives. It is estimated that over 1 million marine animals are killed each year from plastic debris in oceans. Animals like sea turtles mistake the plastic in the ocean for food which causes their deaths. It is currently estimated that there are 100 million tons of plastic in the oceans around the world.
Did You Know?
Sea Turtles can detect the earths magnetic field and they use it as a compass.
Scientific Name : Chelonioidea
Life Span : 80+ years
Diet : Varies with species
Predators : Sharks and Killer Whales
Gestation : 60 days